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Y branches of the exhaust pipe.

,TED ZA'STATES PATENT OFFICE. i

JNO. ROEBLING, OF SAXONBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

- SPARK-ARRUSTER.

Specication of Letters Patent No.

tical position or nearly so, to be placed around the lower part of thechimney, andconnected with each other so, that those adjoining willcommunicate either at the top or bottom, and cause the smokeV to ascendand descend alternately before escaping into the chimney-in connectionwith a cistern or reservoir of water, immediately below those tlues, soas to communicate with them and be common to allfor the purpose ofdirecting the sparks, while passing down the descending flues, forciblyand if required, repeatedly, into the water, and thus extinguishingthem, at the same time improving the draft by extending the travel ofthe smoke.' Y Y In order to convey a more clear idea of my improvement,I refer tothe accompanying drawings Nos. l and 2 which representvertical and horizontal sections of the apparatus.

The drawing No. l exhibits the arrester with but one downward iue.

A shows part of a section of the smoke compartment of a locomotive withthe two B is a common chimney pipe,A 13 inches in diameter, cut 0E at aheightof from 3 toll feet.

C is the exhaust pipe which passes through the top of D D the nextsurrounding case, which has an inclosed top at D', D', and which forms adescending flue, concentric to B, so as to leave a clear space of 2%inches all around the latter. The direction of the draft in thediffer-ent iiues is indicated by little arrows.

E E is the water cistern or reservoir with about 6 inches depth of waterso as to leave a space of 3 inches below'the lower edge of the flue D D.This cistern should be as wide and large as possible, so as to create aconsiderable volume of space above thewater for the purpose of reducingthe velocity of 2,958, dated-February 1e, y1843.

the draft abovethe surface and producing a calm region. Y F F is thenext ascending flue and of the same areal square section as; the others.Its base is enlarged so as to serveas a top to the reservoir, .itterminates .in G a common chimney pipe surmounting the whole and whichmay be furnished .with hinches so as to be easily lowered when passingviaducts. The exhaust steam discharges into this pipe, through the pipe0. I f( H is a perforated sheet or wire gauzein the shape-.of aninverted truncated cone, so

fixed, that an open space of 2 inches is'left between its lower edgeatK, and the de-` scending 'luejD. This open space is marked K. [Theperforated sheetis only represented. on one side of the drawing, on theother side itis omitted, and instead of it the outer case F is extendedfarther down, as seen at F so as tov form a separate `space L, intowhich those sparks will y ofi), Ywhich do not strike the water after thedescent. The outer case F, F,Vis widened out at its lower end, F, F, togive room for the .water cistern E, E, and for the perforated co-ne H,when that is used, or'for the space L, when the perforated cone isomitted, and the partition F is employed.

Y rIhe action and t-he use of the apparatus will now be readilyunderstood. The smoke and sparks will rst ascend the pipe B, thendescend'the next surrounding flue D D down tothe cistern, wherethesparks will strike the surface of water 'with considerable force. Thegreater part of smoke andgases will thence pass through the opening Kinto the flue .F F and escape into the chimneyGr.,

The perforated sheet or wire gauze serves to arrest those few light andstraggling sparks, which may not immediately strike the water. These.will naturally fly oif into the space of the reservoir, formed kby theenlargement at F, where they will either be checked by the cone orsettle down of themselves, when out of the reach Aof the draft. Thisspace should therefore be as large as possible. If the holes in theperforated sheet are wide enough, then the space K may be closed. Thesheet H, instead of being conical may be in a horizontal position. The

draft will, however, be more or less impaired in that case and I preferthe arrangement as exhibited in the drawing and which has been tested byexperiments. If the perforated Hifi -2o areeat once .hurried intok the`water without` sheet is omitted altogether, thenthose sparks which donot strike thewater immediately, will dy olf into the spaceL and, thendrop.

` ticle of a spark is seen'fto escape `atfthe top 11e c observed. infiring. up theiengine.- The force of the draftA when running dependshowever of the chimneyfeven in the darkestVV night.

Theimprovement ofthe draft can be best in a .great measureupon,thepowerof the exhaust steam` and Vthe extent of chimney above the orifice ofthe exhausty pipe so n wardflue.

the, draft in any way.

The number` of concentriofiues may be doubled las ris exhibited vthedrawing No 2. A In this instance it Ais required, that the case oftheLrstascending flue should be extended f down, into the water. 'ATheserepeated `ask cents and descents will vinsure the effectualimmersion of fall thefsfarks.L yThis however isfwfell enough eii'ecte`by the single downirIhe additional advantage isa V more uniformandsteady draft. Vtfith ref-y erence to draft `the above!arrangementswill be found in strict accordance with'the pneumatic laws.In fact ,the` practice followed in the construction of the Russianstoves and other flue furnaces has long since sanctioned the principlehere applied. v

The cistern may be supplied with water by the force pump of the enginethrough a small feed pipe as shown at a, a, or by the spout at the waterstations. Another pipe b, b, passing from the bottom of the cistern Y infront of the boiler through the frame below, and furnished with a cock,will serve to discharge the water and accumulated sparks@ Onenorytwolittle gage cocks, 6,10, attached tothe cistern will serve toindicate n the level inside. 'Y f Y f They objection* of top"V heavinessff made against; most arresters, is entirely kremoved by the above;plan'. i The topy of the chimney terminates Lin a simple pipe; indeedtheconV structiony of the whole admits :of such a model as tok effecta'deeided` improvement in ,y

the yappcarence of the engine. i i

What I claim asnew and as my original ,i

invention landl wish to `secureby Letters Batent-isw .l i f n, e

The arrangement of two or more concen- Vso n tric flues, which may belcylindrical andkin are.

Vvertical position or nearly -so,rto be placedr c j t around the'lowerpartofthe chimney,and

connected with each other. so, thatk those adjoiningnvill communicateeither at the topk f orbottom, and cause they draftito ascendand descendalternately, before escaping into the upper part of they chimney, inconnection with aicistern or reservoir :of water, im,k mediately belowthose lues, Lso kas to vcom 'municate" with theinyand becommon,to all,for the purpose of directingy the sparks-whiie ypassingdownthedescending iues,forcibyf endif requiredVK repeatedly,kk intothewater, and `.thus eXtinguishingy them, at the same time improvingthedraftiby extending the c `travel ofthe smoke, the'above apparatus'to beused either in connectionk or without awireau(k

